Herniated Disc

A herniated disc, also known as a slipped or ruptured disc, occurs when the soft, gel-like center of a spinal disc pushes through a tear in its outer layer. This condition often affects the lower back or neck and can lead to pain, numbness, and discomfort, impacting daily activities and mobility. Herniated discs are a common cause of back pain, especially in individuals between 30 and 50 years old.

Causes

Herniated discs can result from gradual, age-related wear and tear known as disc degeneration. Additional causes include heavy lifting, sudden twisting motions, traumatic injuries, and poor posture. Obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and repetitive strain on the spine can also increase the risk of disc herniation.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of a herniated disc include sharp pain in the affected area (back or neck), radiating pain down the arms or legs, tingling sensations, muscle weakness, and reduced flexibility. Severe cases may present with loss of bladder or bowel control, indicating a medical emergency.

Treatment

Treatment options for herniated discs include rest, physical therapy, pain medications, and anti-inflammatory drugs. In more severe cases, steroid injections or surgical procedures like microdiscectomy may be recommended to alleviate pressure on the affected nerves. Maintaining a healthy weight and strengthening core muscles can also aid in recovery and prevent future issues.