Lower Back Pain

Lower back pain is a common condition characterized by discomfort or pain in the lumbar region of the spine. It can range from a dull, persistent ache to sudden, sharp pain and can significantly impact daily life and mobility. Lower back pain is one of the leading causes of missed workdays and can be acute (lasting a few days to weeks) or chronic (persisting for three months or longer).

Causes

Lower back pain is often caused by muscle or ligament strain due to heavy lifting, improper posture, sudden movements, or overuse. Other contributing factors include degenerative disc disease, herniated discs, spinal stenosis, arthritis, and conditions like scoliosis. Obesity, lack of physical activity, and stress can also lead to or exacerbate lower back pain.

Symptoms

Symptoms of lower back pain include a dull ache or sharp pain in the lower back, stiffness, decreased range of motion, and difficulty standing or sitting for prolonged periods. Pain may radiate to the hips, buttocks, or down the legs (sciatica). In severe cases, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs may occur.

Treatment

Treatment for lower back pain typically involves a combination of rest, physical therapy, heat or cold application, and over-the-counter pain relievers. Prescription medications, steroid injections, and chiropractic adjustments may be recommended for more severe cases. Exercise, core strengthening, and ergonomic adjustments at home or work can help prevent recurrence.