Spinal Stenosis

Spinal stenosis is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the spinal canal, which places pressure on the spinal cord and nerves. This condition commonly affects the neck (cervical stenosis) or lower back (lumbar stenosis) and can lead to pain, numbness, and weakness in the limbs. The severity of symptoms can vary, and spinal stenosis is often associated with age-related changes in the spine.

Causes

Spinal stenosis is typically caused by age-related wear and tear, leading to conditions such as osteoarthritis, bone spurs, and thickened ligaments that narrow the spinal canal. Other contributing factors include herniated discs, spinal injuries, congenital spinal deformities, and conditions like Paget’s disease. Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle may also increase the risk of spinal stenosis.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of spinal stenosis include pain, tingling, or numbness in the neck, back, arms, or legs. Muscle weakness, difficulty walking or maintaining balance, and reduced flexibility are also typical. In severe cases, spinal stenosis can cause bladder or bowel dysfunction, indicating a need for immediate medical attention.
Genetic factors: Certain genetic mutations may increase the risk of brain cancer.

Treatment

Treatment for spinal stenosis involves pain management, physical therapy, and exercises to improve flexibility and strength. Non-surgical options include anti-inflammatory medications, steroid injections, and lifestyle changes. If conservative treatments are ineffective, surgical options like laminectomy or spinal fusion may be necessary to relieve pressure on the nerves and restore function.